The peptides presented by MHC molecules on SCLC cells and their recognition by T cells have not been explored so far. H.-G. Rammensee and C. Gouttefangeas will decipher the MHC-class I and -class II ligandome of SCLC, identify immunogenic SCLC neo- and non-mutated T cell antigens, and characterize tumor-specific T cells in SCLC patients. In particular, personalized vaccination approaches based on patients´ tumor ligandome analysis should address the future design of SCLC immune therapies.